Publicaciones 2025: Fisiología del Desarrollo: Senescencia foliar, última estación

 SUMMARY

Senescence is the last phase in the development of leaves, and it is characterized by massive degradation of cellular structures, most conspicuously the chloroplasts. N, P and other nutrients contained in chloroplast macromolecules are released and redistricted to actively growing parts of the plant or to storage tissues, thereby enhancing nutrient use efficiency. In recent years studies of the mechanism of chloroplast dismantling have been dominated by the discovery of extra-plastidial vesicular pathways probably involved in the degradation of soluble and membrane bound proteins of the chloroplast, The field has moved from a view in which chloroplast components were thought to be degraded within the plastid itself to a consensus where extra-plastidial pathways are more important. Sorting out how many extra-plastidial pathways there are, and their interrelations, is a challenge ahead in this field. Much of the research on senescence regulation revolves around the effects of senescence-accelerating environmental conditions, with senescing-delaying factors receiving less attention. Leaf senescence is regulated by the interplay between internal and external signals, including stress factors, photoperiod, and hormones. In many monocarpic plants senescence is regulated by fruit development and by pathways controlled by photoperiod. The prospects of increasing crop yield through senescence retardation are discussed and placed within the larger framework of the complex regulation of crop productivity. The conceptual and methodological progress made by this branch of Botany in the past 80 years is highlighted.

Martínez,D.E., KELLY,S.J., ANTONIETTA,M., ZURAWSKY,R. & GUIAMET,J.J. (2025). Fisiología del Desarrollo: La senescencia foliar, última estación. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, 60 (4): 435-448. DOI:  10.31055/1851.2372.v60.n4.49501. Disponible.
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